Rosh Hashanah is one of the most important holidays for Jewish people around the world. The name "Rosh Hashanah" translates from Hebrew to mean "the head of the year," and the holiday marks the start of the Jewish New Year. During the two-day celebration, your Jewish friends or coworkers might take time away from work to attend synagogue, eat foods such as apples and honey or say prayers near a body of water.