Socialism is more popular in the U.S. now than at any time since the early 20th century, and religion played a big part in both eras. Just like socialists today rally around Bernie Sanders, whose beliefs are profoundly influenced by his Jewish heritage, the 1900s movement was led by Eugene Debs, who was deeply influenced by Christian socialists of the time.
Consider that, while serving his prison sentence for speaking against the military draft of World War I, Eugene Debs hung a single picture on the wall of his cell: the pain-wracked visage of the crucified Jesus Christ with a crown of thorns. To the clergy assigned to visit him, Debs explained the affinity.
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