It seems to me, Josh, that you’re failing to differentiate properly between natural theology and revealed theology. Natural theology is what faith proposes and reason recovers. That is to say, natural theology concerns those truths which God reveals to us but which are also provable by human reason apart from divine revelation. Natural theology preoccupies itself with arguments for God’s existence and nature. Revealed theology is what faith proposes, but reason does not recover. That is to say, revealed theology concerns those truths which God reveals to us but which human reason alone cannot prove. The doctrine of the Trinity would be a paramount example of such a revealed truth.
The person of the Holy Spirit (who, by the way, is not an “it”!) is properly part of the subject matter of revealed, not natural, theology. For he is the third person of the Trinity, and we need divine revelation in order to know that God is triune. Natural theology gives us the existence of God, but not, properly speaking, God the Father. It yields a generic monotheism that does not differentiate between the persons of the Trinity. Similarly, history alone tells us that Jesus of Nazareth existed, but it does not disclose to us his intra-Trinitarian relations.
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